Search results for "Reinforcement sensitivity theory"

showing 3 items of 3 documents

Linking personality and brain anatomy: a structural MRI approach to reinforcement sensitivity theory

2019

Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) proposes a widely used taxonomy of human personality linked to individual differences at both behavioral and neuropsychological levels that describe a predisposition to psychopathology. However, the body of RST research was based on animal findings, and little is known about their anatomical correspondence in humans. Here we set out to investigate MRI structural correlates (i.e. voxel-based morphometry) of the main personality dimensions proposed by the RST in a group of 400 healthy young adults who completed the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ). Sensitivity to punishment scores correlated positively with the gr…

MaleIndividuality0302 clinical medicinelimbic systemSurveys and QuestionnairesGray MatterPrefrontal cortexFrontostriatal circuitmedia_commonPsychopathology05 social sciencesNeuropsychologyBrainGeneral MedicineAmygdalaMagnetic Resonance Imagingmedicine.anatomical_structureOriginal ArticleFemalePsychologyReinforcement Psychologypsychological phenomena and processesClinical psychologyPsychopathologyPersonalityCognitive Neurosciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectPrefrontal CortexExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyReinforcement sensitivity theoryAmygdalaPsychopathological predisposition050105 experimental psychologyFrontostriatal circuitYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesLimbic systemPunishmentRewardmedicineHumansPersonalityvoxel-based morphometry0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesfrontostriatal circuitVoxel-based morphometryVoxel-based morphometryCorpus Striatumpersonalitypsychopathological predisposition030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in the Relationship between Approach Motivational System and Sports Success among Elite Speed Skating Athletes an…

2022

Background: While the association between self-efficacy and sports success has been well established in previous studies, little is known regarding whether the basic approach motivation system contributes to this relationship in athletes. The study examines associations between self-reported temperamental approach disposition, self-efficacy, and predispositions to sports success in athletes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed between August 3 and 30 November 2020. The participants were 156 athletes, aged 16–34 years (M = 21.57, SD = 3.58, 41.67% women), in two groups: 54 elite athletes in speed skating (EASS) and 102 physical education students (PES). The online survey consisted…

MaleMotivationPhysical Education and TrainingHealth Toxicology and MutagenesiseducationPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthapproach and avoidance temperament; elite athletes; physical education; Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST); self-efficacy; speed skating; sports successSelf EfficacyCross-Sectional StudiesAthletesSkatingHumansFemaleStudentshuman activitiesInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; Volume 19; Issue 5; Pages: 2899
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Application of the Chinese Version of the BIS/BAS Scales in Participants With a Substance Use Disorder: An Analysis of Psychometric Properties and Co…

2020

Carver and White developed the Behavioral Inhibition/Behavioral Activation Scales (the BIS/BAS Scales) based on Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory proposed by Gray. Subsequent studies proposed that substance abuse was closely related to Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) and Behavioral Activation System (BAS). However, researches on the psychometric properties of the BIS/BAS scales in clinical samples are scarce. The present study was conducted to analyze the applicability of the BIS/BAS scales in a sample suffering from a substance use disorder (SUD) and undergoing treatment in compulsory detoxification institutions (n = 1117). Meanwhile, 822 community residents were selected for comparison.…

people with a substance use disorderlcsh:BF1-990educationBehavioral InhibitionimpulsivityReinforcement sensitivity theorypsychometric propertiesImpulsivity050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCronbach's alphamedicinePsychology0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesBig Five personality traitsGeneral PsychologyOriginal Research05 social sciencesConstruct validityBehavioral activationmedicine.diseaseBehavioral ActivationConfirmatory factor analysisSubstance abuselcsh:Psychologyself-control abilitymedicine.symptomPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryClinical psychologyFrontiers in Psychology
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